What is a pterygium?

A pterygium is a growth of pink, fleshy tissue on the conjunctiva (the clear membrane that covers the white part of the eye) that can gradually extend onto the cornea (the clear, dome-shaped surface that covers the iris and pupil). It is a common condition that typically affects people who spend a lot of time outdoors, especially in sunny or windy conditions.

Symptoms of a pterygium can include redness, irritation, tearing, and a feeling that there is something in the eye. In more severe cases, the growth can cause vision changes by altering the shape of the cornea or by covering part of the visual axis. If left untreated, a pterygium can grow to a point where it affects the cornea and causes vision loss.

While the cause of pterygium is unknown, wearing protective eyewear, avoiding exposure to UV radiation, and using lubricating eye drops can help reduce the risk of developing the condition. In mild cases, a pterygium can be treated with eye drops, but in more advanced cases, surgery may be required to remove the growth and prevent vision loss.

Pterygium surgery

Pterygium surgery offers several benefits for patients with this condition. There are several different surgical techniques used to remove pterygium, including bare sclera excision, conjunctival autografting, and amniotic membrane transplantation. The choice of technique depends on the size and location of the pterygium and the patient's specific needs and preferences. Surgery can also prevent the pterygium from growing and causing further damage to the eye, as well as reduce the risk of complications such as corneal scarring or astigmatism. By removing the pterygium, the surgery can also improve the appearance of the eye and enhance the patient's quality of life.